碾压施工质量监控的径向神经网络拟合高程研究     

何海清  黄声享  伍根 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2012,37(5):594-597

针对面板堆石坝摊铺层表面及测量机器人采集摊铺层离散数据密且精度高等特征,利用径向神经网络方法,采用复二次函数作为径向基,根据数理统计理论和逐步趋近法自适应优选平滑因子拟合摊铺层高程,以达到与实际高程的最佳吻合。以某面板堆石坝的测量机器人采集的数据为例,对该方法进行了验证。结果表明,其拟合精度明显优于常规拟合方法,更加适合面板堆石坝摊铺层表面的高程拟合。  相似文献   

Discontinuous Data 3D/4D Variation Fusion Based on the Constraint of L1 Norm Regularization Term     

Wang Gen  Sheng Shaoxue  Liu Huilan  Wu Rong  Yang Yin 《地球科学进展》2017,32(7):757-768

Classical 3D/4D variation fusion is based on the theory that error follows Gaussian distribution. When using minimization iteration, the gradient of objective function is involved, and the solution of which requires the continuity of data. This paper adopted the extended classical 3D/4D variation fusion method, and explicitly applied the prior knowledge, which was based on L1-norm, as regularization constraint to the classical variation fusion method. Original data was firstly projected into the wavelet domain during the implementation process, and new fusion model was adopted for data fusion in wavelet space, then inverse wavelet transform was used to project the result to the observation space. Ideal experiment was carried out by using linear advection-diffusion equation as four-dimensional prediction model, which made a hypothesis of the discontinuity with the data between background and observation, and that meant the derivatives between left and right were not equal on some points. The result of the experiment showed that the method adopted here was practicable. A further research was also done for multi-source precipitation fusion. Firstly, CMORPH inversion precipitation data were corrected through PDF (Probability Density Function, PDF) matching method based on GAMMA fitting function. Then corrected data was fused with the observation one. By comparison with the reference field, the result showed that this method can keep some outliers better, which might represent certain weather phenomenon. The L1-norm regularization variation fusion in this paper provided a possible way to deal with discrete data, especially for jump point.  相似文献   

岩溶动力系统中的生物作用机理初探   总被引：24，自引：1，他引：24  

曹建华  袁道先  潘根兴  林玉石 《地学前缘》2001,8(1):203-208

岩溶动力系统是地球表层系统的重要组成部分。生物是地球表层系统中最活跃的地质营力之一 ,它在岩溶动力系统中扮演着重要的角色。地质历史时期 ,生物圈大气圈界面上 ,生物通过植物的光合同化、动植物分泌 ,使大气圈中的CO2 不断转移到碳酸盐岩中 ,形成岩溶发育的物质基础 ,并成为全球最大的碳库 ;生物圈水圈界面上 ,生物形成的生物 (微 )环境改变了水循环的强度和方向 ,并影响岩溶发育 ;生物圈岩石圈界面上 ,生物通过生物物理、生物化学过程 ,殖居碳酸盐岩之上 ,并以之为生存依托 ,生物的新陈代谢过程使碳酸盐岩岩石圈活化 ,使其积极参与全球碳循环。  相似文献   

黄河源区降水与径流过程对ENSO事件的响应特征   总被引：19，自引：10，他引：19  

王根绪  沈永平  刘时银 《冰川冻土》2001,23(1):16-21

根据最新季分辨率ENSO指数序列所确认的近40年多来所发生的20次ENSO事件，并确定了每次ENSO事件强度及其影响年，通过对相应年份黄河源区降水与径流距平变化值的对比，分析了降水与径流过程对ENSO事件响应的统计规律；ENSO事件与黄河源区降水与径流年际波动变化有很好的相关性，这种相关性与ENSO事件的性质强弱，发生季节以及持续时间等有关。一般夏秋季暖事件无论强弱均使影响年降水减少，发生于春季的中等强度暖事件使发生年降水呈负距平，影响年降水呈增加趋势，冷事件与暖事件对降水的影响正好相反；暖事件对应年份黄河源区径流量减少，而冷事件则使其增加，随着20世纪90年代以来暖事件发生频率的增加，径流呈现持续减少。  相似文献   

40a来江河源区的气候变化特征及其生态环境效应   总被引：68，自引：19，他引：68  

王根绪  李琪  程国栋  沈永平 《冰川冻土》2001,23(4):346-352

通过江河源区分布的5个气象台站有关气温与降水的多年数据，分析了近40a来江河源区的气候变化特征，结果表明，近40a来江河源区气候变化的总趋势是气温升高，降水量增加，但降水量的增加主要体现在春季降水和近15a来冬季降水的明显增加上，对植被生长起重要作用的夏季降水量却呈明显减少趋势；江河源区20世纪80年代10a平均气温比50年代高0.12～0.9℃，大部分地区高于0.3℃，属于青藏高原高温区或升温幅度最大的地区之一，平均升温0.44℃，明显比全国平均升温0.2℃要高出一倍，在这种背景下，与植被生长关系密切的4、5月和9月气温呈现持续下降态势，江河源区脆弱的生态环境体系对气候的这种变化响应强烈，冰川退缩，多年冻土消融加剧，导致大范围高寒草甸与草原被植退化。  相似文献   

东秦岭基底组成与构造区划分   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

张拴厚  王根宝  韩芳林  王北颖 《陕西地质》2001,19(2):1-7

从基本地质组成上，东秦岭构造基底可划分为华北，北秦岭、佛坪、白水江，汉南和武当六大地体，不同地体的基底组成有明显差异，它们先后于中－晚元古在不同时间段，通过不同的方式而拼合为统一的华夏泛大陆，从而完成东秦岭从原始地壳生长到典型板块构造体制上的转换，是全球Rodinia事件在本区的具体表现。  相似文献   

Geochemical and Geological Characterization of Marine-Continental Transitional Shale: A Case Study in the Ordos Basin, NW China     

WEI Zhifu  WANG Gen  WANG Yongli  MA Xueyun  ZHANG Ting  HE Wei  YU Xiaoli 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(3):809-821

The organic-rich shale of the Shanxi and Taiyuan Formation of the Lower Permian deposited in a marine-continental transitional environment are well developed in the Ordos Basin, NW China, which is considered to contain a large amount of shale hydrocarbon resources. This study takes the Lower Permian Shanxi and Taiyuan shale collected from well SL# in the Ordos Basin, NW China as an example to characterize the transitional shale reservoir. Based on organic geochemistry data, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) observations, the desorbed gas contents of this transitional shale were systematically studied and the shale gas potential was investigated. The results indicate that the Lower Permian Shanxi and Taiyuan shale has a relatively high total organic carbon (TOC) (average TOC of 4.9%) and contains type III kerogen with a high mature to over mature status. XRD analyses show that an important characteristic of the shale is that clay and brittle minerals of detrital origin comprise the major mineral composition of the marine-continental transitional shale samples, while the percentages of carbonate minerals, pyrite and siderite are relatively small. FE-SEM observations reveal that the mineral matrix pores are the most abundant in the Lower Permian shale samples, while organic matter (OM) pores are rarely developed. Experimental analysis suggests that the mineral compositions mainly govern the macropore development in the marine-continental transitional shale, and mineral matrix pores and microfractures are considered to provide space for gas storage and migration. In addition, the desorption experiments demonstrated that the marine-continental transitional shale in the Ordos Basin has a significantly potential for shale gas exploration, ranging from 0.53 to 2.86 m3/t with an average value of 1.25m3/t, which is in close proximity to those of terrestrial shale (1.29 m3/t) and marine shale (1.28 m3/t). In summary, these results demonstrated that the Lower Permian marine-continental transitional shale in the Ordos Basin has a significantly potential for shale gas exploration.  相似文献   

乌拉特前旗4.8级地震前乌加河地震台定点形变短临异常分析     

黄根喜  杨玉梅  张晁军  赵爱萍 《华北地震科学》2002,20(2):51-55

2001年6月5日乌拉特前旗发生4．8级地震，震中距乌加河台南东80km，震前乌加河台形变出现短临异常显示，震前1－3日观测值超出正常日变值2倍以上，观测人员及时反馈信息，及时跟踪通报异常信息，应用系统前光计算方法滤波、速率检验，该台资料对此地震映震效果较好。本文着重讨论震前出现的短临异常信息。  相似文献   

针铁矿-四方纤铁矿-水体系氧同位素分馏的实验研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

徐宝龙  周根陶  郑永飞 《地球化学》2002,31(4):366-374

针铁矿是非常重要的三价铁氧化物之一,其氧同位素组成对于古环境再造具有很大的价值。以4种不同的铁化合物作为Fe3+离子的源物质,于30～120℃范围内,采用强迫水解方法,在不同同位素组成的水中分别实验合成针铁矿和四方纤铁矿。结果表明,以Fe(NO3)3·9H2O、NH4Fe(SO4)2·12H2O、Fe(SO4)3·7H2O为Fe3+源物质合成的是纯针铁矿,而以FeCl3·6H2O为Fe3+源物质合成的是四方纤铁矿。氧同位素分析显示,在30～120℃范围内实验测定的针铁矿-水体系和四方纤铁矿-水体系氧同位素分馏几乎不可区分,并且满足下列分馏关系:103lnα针铁矿-水=9.59×103/T-26.39103lnα四方纤铁矿-水=8.85×103/T-24.44实验测定的针铁矿-水体系氧同位素分馏不仅与前人实验结果一致,而且与增量方法理论计算相近。由于实验采用不同反应途径得到了一致的分馏结果,因此所测定的针铁矿-水体系氧同位素分馏代表了热力学平衡。  相似文献   

Variations in seawater osmium isotope composition since the last glacial maximum: A case study from the Japan Sea     

Tarun K. Dalai  Katsuhiko Suzuki  Masao Minagawa  Yoshiyuki Nozaki 《Chemical Geology》2005,220(3-4):303-314

Concentrations of Re and Os, and the isotopic composition of Os have been measured in the Japan Sea sediments to assess the response of the Japan Sea to glacial–interglacial climate change and associated weathering fluxes. The osmium concentrations in the sediment samples analyzed vary from 59 to 371 pg/g, and ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os from 0.935 to 1.042. Only ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os of sediment samples from dark laminations deposited under suboxic to anoxic conditions and having elevated concentrations of Re and Os, and with ≥ 80% hydrogenous Os are explained in terms of seawater composition. Lower ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os were observed for sediments deposited during the last glacial maximum (LGM) when planktonic foraminifera from the Japan Sea recorded lighter oxygen isotopic composition. Decrease in dissolved Os fluxes from continents and/or change in the composition of the dissolved load to the Japan Sea are suggested as the driving mechanisms for the observed lower LGM ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os. The results of this study, coupled with lower ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os during the last glacial observed at other sites from ocean basins with different lithology and contrasting sediment accumulation rates, suggest that this trend is characteristic of the global oceans.

Data from this study show that the Japan Sea recorded higher ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os during the current interglacial coinciding with excursions of oxygen isotopic compositions of planktonic foraminifera to heavier values. This is explained in terms of preferential release of ¹⁸⁷Os during deglacial weathering and/or higher continental Os flux driven by warm and wet climate. This study demonstrates that Os isotopic composition of reducing margin sediments has immense potential to track variations in the seawater composition. In addition, ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os of reducing sediments may be used to draw inferences about local paleoceanographic processes in semi-enclosed basins such as the Japan Sea.  相似文献